U.S. President Joe Biden has signed a presidential determination allowing the Republic of Cyprus to participate in three U.S. defense programs. This last-minute decision, made through a presidential decree, carries the force of law in the United States.
The inclusion of Cyprus in these programs is expected to significantly enhance the modernization of its armed forces, improve interoperability with NATO, and further strengthen security ties between Washington and Nicosia.
The White House’s strategic decision, finalized just before the deadline, marks the first-time Cyprus will participate in the following defense programs:
Foreign Military Sales (FMS) Program
This government-to-government program facilitates the sale of U.S. defense equipment through a structured approval process involving both the State Department and the Department of Defense. A formal Letter of Offer and Acceptance (LOA) is signed between the U.S. and the participating country.
Excess Defense Articles (EDA) Program
This program allows foreign countries to receive surplus U.S. defense equipment at reduced or no cost, provided it aligns with U.S. national security and foreign policy goals. The EDA aims to modernize partner nations’ armed forces and enhance interoperability.
Title 10 Security Assistance Programs
Managed by the U.S. Department of Defense, these programs provide training and equipment to bolster the capabilities of foreign security forces, supporting U.S. security interests by fostering stronger international partnerships. This initiative enhances the ability of partner nations to address threats, contribute to coalition efforts, and support U.S. security interests through strategic defense cooperation.
Acknowledging Cyprus’ Regional Role
Sources in Washington emphasize that this eleventh-hour decision reflects a recognition of Cyprus’ pivotal role in regional security. The move is seen as a historic milestone in strengthening defense relations between the U.S. and Cyprus.
Despite ongoing International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) restrictions, which typically bar Cyprus from participating in these programs, State Department legal experts have determined that a presidential determination can override these restrictions. This allows Cyprus to benefit from these programs even though the permanent lifting of the arms embargo requires Congressional approval.
The inclusion of Cyprus in these defense programs at the very last moment underscores the growing strategic partnership between the two nations, highlighting Cyprus’ evolving role as a key player in regional stability and security.
